The Second Chance Act (HR1593) - What It Really Means To The Federal Inmate

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Today, Federal Inmates who are released fromThere has been much excitement amongst prisoners
Bureau of Prisons (BOP) custody receive next to noand their friends and relatives regarding a provision in
support from the Federal Government. Apart from athe Second Chance Act that would allow for additional
bus ticket, a change of clothes and a token sum oftime in a half way house. Presently, federal inmates
money good for a couple meals, the recently releasedare eligible to serve the final 10% of their sentence in a
federal inmate is entirely on his own. For those luckyhalfway house, but this is capped at six months. The
enough to have the support of family and friends, theSecond Chance Act does allow for this time to be
process of getting back on one's feet, while difficult, isincreased to 12 months. However, the Act leaves the
manageable. For those who lack this support system,actual implementation of this to the BOP. This means
the task of reintegrating into society as a law abidingthat while the BOP now has the option of granting 12
citizen is one fraught with difficulties.months halfway house time, they are under no
Many former inmates are released from prison andobligation to do so. Because an extension to 12 months
return to the same environment in which theyrequires additional paperwork and approval from not
committed their crime in the first place. They return toonly the prison Warden, but from the BOP Regional
their home branded an ex-con or felon and face anOffices, the vast majority of federal inmates will find
uphill battle in their attempt to get back on their feet.that the new law will not mean that they will see the
Both mental and physical health problems are commonother side of the prison walls any time sooner.
as are a lack of education that would qualify them forFurther, it must be understood that the only provision in
a quality job. A glaring problem facing many formerthe Second Chance Act for early release of federal
inmates is the lack of a home. Faced with theseprisoners is the section which has the BOP set up a
hurdles, even the most well intentioned former inmates"pilot program" in a single institution in which non-violent
often find themselves slipping back into a life of crime.offenders, who are aged 65 or over and who have
With the complete absence of support given toserved a certain percentage of their sentence would
recently released inmates, it should come as nobe released early. A plethora of conditions have been
surprise that within three years of leaving prison, overset for just who will qualify for this pilot program and
two thirds of ex-offenders are back in court facingas of yet, the BOP has not even chosen the institution
charges for a serious misdemeanor or felony andwhere the trial will take place. Many federal inmates
over one half return to life behind bars.and their families have gotten the wrong impression
The Second Chance Act (HR1593) entitled: "Toabout the Second Chance Act, understanding it to
reauthorize the grant program for reentry of offendersmean that it will give them a "second chance" by
into the community in the Omnibus Crime Control andgranting them an earlier release date. This is
Safe Streets Act of 1968, to improve reentry planningunfortunately, not the case.
and implementation, and for other purposes", recentlyIndeed, the bill that would have granted a genuine
signed into law by President Bush attempts to offersecond chance to federal inmates is entitled HR 262
the support to former inmates that is so lacking nowand was introduced in January of 2007. It would have
and to decrease the massive recidivism rate thatprovided for a 50% sentence reduction for first time,
plagues the justice system today.non-violent offenders over the age of 45.
The Second Chance Act attempts to help recentlyUnderstandably, this bill has been a beacon of hope for
released inmates in a number of ways. It authorizesmany inmates. But unfortunately, it will die at the end of
important parts of the Bush Administration's Prisonthis term of Congress without ever receiving
Re-entry Initiative. The goal of this initiative is to helpcommittee, let alone House, vote.
prisoners by expanding the scope of job training andAssuming the approval of funding, it appears that the
placement services, providing assistance in findingSecond Chance Act will be of great assistance to
transitional housing, and assisting newly releasedthose being released from prison who lack the support
prisoners via mentoring, including from faith-basedsystem so crucial to a successful reintegration into
organizations.society. However, many are sure to be disappointed
The Second Chance Act also provides ex-prisonersthat it does not offer a true second chance to those
with crucial services, like medical care and housing incurrently incarcerated by reducing the amount of time
addition to bolstering the current prisoner drugserved.
treatment programs and by offering various counseling